Caring for a Senior Bunny
May 15, 2008 | Comments | Rabbit Care
Indiana HRS has been rescuing rabbits since 2000. Many of our early rescues are considered senior rabbits or will become senior rabbits soon. Senior rabbits or “elderbuns” are 8 years of age or older. Rabbits are living longer lives these days, primarily due to advances in veterinary care and a better understanding of dietary and housing needs. Like the humans who love them, even house rabbits develop special needs as they age. They may require special food, bedding or extra-special care. Many of the special needs of the elderbun are easily managed.
Elderbuns can develop a variety of health issues, many of which are common in other small mammals. Mobility problems are often caused by arthritis; early recognition of symptoms and subsequent treatment can make all the difference to your rabbit’s quality of life.
Changes in bone density can cause a once perfect set of teeth to become misaligned, or maloccluded, which can lead to difficulty eating and may require frequent tooth trims. Organs like the heart, kidneys kidneys and liver can also begin to fail as our rabbits age. Early detection of any of these health issues is key in treating them. Many vets recommend a twice-yearly schedule of well-bunny checkups for senior rabbits to help catch symptoms before they turn into real problems.
Dr. Gary Riggs DVM of Norton, Ohio, states that early symptoms of arthritis include reluctance to move, hock sores, muscle loss, excessive teeth grinding and resistance to being handled (ohiOHrs: harelines, vol.5 no.3). Your rabbit-savvy vet can help you decide if medication will relieve the symptoms; glucosamine and chondroitin are viable treatment options for less severe cases, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Meloxicam or Rimadyl can be beneficial for more severe cases. Alternative therapies can also be used to treat arthritis acupuncture and acupressure can be used alone or in conjunction with traditional therapies to provide relief from the discomfort of arthritis symptoms.
Maintaining good dental health requires rabbit guardians to provide a balanced diet: a good variety of high-quality, high-fiber grass hays, limited pellets, and a variety of dark leafy greens to exercise the full range of chewing motion and keep teeth worn properly. Your vet should also check jaw alignment at each checkup, and can advise you on the best way to treat any problems that arise.
The elderbun’s dietary needs may become different over time—it is important to observe your rabbit for signs of weight loss or weight gain. Senior rabbits that are less active may gain some additional weight, which can aggravate other health problems like arthritis or heart disease. A lower-calorie timothy-based pellet might be substituted for an alfalfa-based pellet to help maintain a healthy weight. On the other hand, senior rabbits may also lose weight as their digestive systems begin to slow down. Rather than increasing pellets, which may be too rich and could cause an increase in cecals, try adding veggies and different varieties of hay. Any diet changes should be made slowly to avoid gastrointestinal upsets.
During your rabbit’s well-bunny checkup, your vet may advise a full blood workup to help diagnose early stages of organ failure. Kidney function can be measured and should be monitored so that if early signs of renal failure are detected, a treatment plan can be implemented. Symptoms of renal disease include increased water intake, weight loss and diluted urine. Heart disease can also be diagnosed and treated, using some of the same medications that humans take. Symptoms of heart disease include decreased activity, increased respiration, and third eyelids that protrude all the time, especially during stress.
Your elderbun may need accommodations to his home environment. Decreased mobility may mean that your elderbun has some difficulty getting around. Hopping in and out of the litterbox can be difficult, but is easily fixed. Create a lower side entry to the litterbox by cutting one side down 1-2”. Also make sure your rabbit is able to maintain traction while hopping both in and out of the box by providing no-slip flooring around the litterbox. Provide a thick layer of hay in the litterbox to make it inviting. For elderbuns who have very limited mobility with urinary incontinence, be sure to provide thick padding in their environment topped with artificial sheepskin to help wick away moisture and keep your rabbit comfortable.
Subscribe now
As so many rabbit caretakers have learned, we not only take care of our rabbits, they also take care of us. My precious Emma was no different. As soon as we met, Emma ran up to the front of her cage and put her paws on the door. She was a bright eyed, beautiful